A Beginner's Guide to Renewable Energy Sources and Emerging Technologies by Kothari et al.

Renewable Energy Sources by Kothari PDF Free: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Renewable energy is the energy that is derived from natural resources that can be replenished or regenerated within a human lifespan. Renewable energy sources include solar, wind, hydro, biomass, biofuel, geothermal, ocean, hydrogen, fuel cell, gas hydrate, etc. Renewable energy is important for several reasons, such as:

renewable energy sources by kothari pdf free

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• It reduces greenhouse gas emissions and mitigates global climate change.

• It enhances energy security and diversifies energy supply.

• It creates jobs and stimulates economic growth.

• It improves social welfare and environmental quality.

However, renewable energy also faces some challenges, such as:

• It is intermittent and variable, depending on weather and location.

• It requires high initial investment and maintenance costs.

• It faces technical, regulatory, and market barriers.

• It needs efficient integration and storage systems.

To address these challenges and harness the potential of renewable energy, it is essential to understand the principles, technologies, and applications of various renewable energy sources and emerging technologies. This is where the book "Renewable Energy Sources and Emerging Technologies" by Kothari et al. comes in handy. This book, now in its Third Edition, is an introductory text on renewable energy sources, technologies, and their applicationsa subject that is becoming increasingly important worldwide. This book covers the following topics:

• Solar Energy

• Wind Energy

• Hydropower

• Biomass Energy

• Biofuel Energy

• Geothermal Energy

• Ocean Energy

• Hydrogen Energy

• Fuel Cell Energy

• Gas Hydrate Energy

• Hybrid Systems

• Environment, Energy, and Global Climate Change

This book provides a balanced introduction to all aspects of renewable energy conversion, including PV technology, solar thermal systems, wind turbines, wind farms, hydropower plants, biomass resources, biofuel production, geothermal systems, ocean energy devices, hydrogen production, fuel cells, gas hydrates, hybrid systems, environmental impacts, climate change mitigation, and policies. This book also includes appendices on smart grid and grid system in India, remote village electrification with renewable energy sources, and Indian Electricity Act 2003. This book is designed to serve the needs of undergraduate students in electrical, mechanical, and civil engineering disciplines. It will also be useful for all higher-level courses in energy programs and multi-disciplinary postgraduate courses in science and engineering.

Solar Energy

Solar energy is the radiant energy emitted by the sun that reaches the earth. Solar energy can be converted into electricity or heat by using various technologies. Solar energy has several advantages, such as:

• It is abundant and inexhaustible.

• It is clean and environmentally friendly.

• It is modular and scalable.

• It can be used for both centralized and decentralized applications.

However, solar energy also has some disadvantages, such as:

• It is dependent on weather and diurnal variations.

• It has low efficiency and high cost per unit of energy.

• It requires large land area and water resources.

• It faces technical challenges such as storage, transmission, and integration.

The main types of solar energy systems are:

• Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems: These systems use solar cells to convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar cells are made of semiconductor materials that generate electric current when exposed to light. Solar cells can be arranged in modules or panels that can be connected in series or parallel to form arrays. Solar PV systems can be classified into three types: standalone systems that operate independently of the grid; grid-connected systems that feed excess power to the grid; and hybrid systems that combine PV with other sources such as batteries or diesel generators.

• Solar thermal systems: These systems use solar collectors to absorb solar radiation and transfer it to a fluid (such as water or air) that can be used for heating or cooling purposes. Solar collectors can be classified into two types: flat-plate collectors that consist of a flat surface with a transparent cover and an absorber plate; and concentrating collectors that use mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight onto a small area. Solar thermal systems can be used for various applications such as water heating, space heating, air conditioning, refrigeration, industrial process heat, etc.

Solar energy can be integrated with other renewable sources such as wind, hydro, biomass, etc. to improve the reliability and efficiency of the system. Some examples of solar integration are:

• Solar-wind hybrid systems that use both solar PV and wind turbines to generate electricity.

Solar-hydro hybrid systems that use solar thermal collectors to heat water for hy 71b2f0854b